SEC Filing | Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

_________________________________________________________

FORM 10-Q

_________________________________________________________



x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2018



o	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number: 1-11718

_________________________________________________________

EQUITY LIFESTYLE PROPERTIES, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

_________________________________________________________



Maryland	36-3857664
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

Two North Riverside Plaza, Suite 800, Chicago, Illinois	60606
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)	(Zip Code)

(312) 279-1400

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

_________________________________________________________

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):



Large accelerated filer	x	Accelerated filer	o
Non-accelerated filer	o	Smaller reporting company	o
		Emerging growth company	o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:

89,747,439 shares of Common Stock as of October 19, 2018.

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.

Table of Contents



		Page
Part I - Financial Information
Item 1.	Financial Statements (unaudited)
Index To Financial Statements
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017		3
Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017		4
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017		6
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017		8
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements		10
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	24
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	39
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	39
Part II - Other Information
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	40
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	40
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	40
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	40
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	40
Item 5.	Other Information	40
Item 6.	Exhibits	41

Part I – Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)



	As of			As of
	September 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
	(unaudited)
Assets
Investment in real estate:
Land	$	1,342,925		$	1,221,375
Land improvements	3,114,815			3,045,221
Buildings and other depreciable property	708,600			649,217
	5,166,340			4,915,813
Accumulated depreciation	(1,613,158		)	(1,516,694		)
Net investment in real estate	3,553,182			3,399,119
Cash and restricted cash	112,410			31,085
Notes receivable, net	35,889			49,477
Investment in unconsolidated joint ventures	57,366			53,080
Deferred commission expense	40,352			31,443
Escrow deposits, goodwill, and other assets, net	55,838			45,828
Total Assets	$	3,855,037		$	3,610,032
Liabilities and Equity
Liabilities:
Mortgage notes payable, net	$	2,016,257		$	1,971,715
Term loan	198,545			198,302
Unsecured line of credit	80,000			30,000
Accrued expenses and accounts payable	102,620			80,744
Deferred revenue – upfront payments from right-to-use contracts	115,172			85,596
Deferred revenue – right-to-use annual payments	11,025			9,932
Accrued interest payable	8,369			8,387
Rents and other customer payments received in advance and security deposits	80,011			79,267
Distributions payable	52,521			46,047
Total Liabilities	2,664,520			2,509,990
Equity:
Stockholders’ Equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017; none issued and outstanding.	—			—
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017; 89,746,747 and 88,585,160 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.	895			883
Paid-in capital	1,325,648			1,242,109
Distributions in excess of accumulated earnings	(211,743		)	(211,980		)
Accumulated other comprehensive income	3,959			942
Total Stockholders’ Equity	1,118,759			1,031,954
Non-controlling interests – Common OP Units	71,758			68,088
Total Equity	1,190,517			1,100,042
Total Liabilities and Equity	$	3,855,037		$	3,610,032

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income

(amounts in thousands, except per share data)

(unaudited)



	Quarters Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Revenues:
Community base rental income	$	130,746		$	123,177		$	386,064		$	365,833
Rental home income	3,507			3,592			10,583			10,829
Resort base rental income	64,351			58,471			183,836			169,594
Right-to-use annual payments	12,206			11,531			35,616			34,133
Right-to-use contracts current period, gross	4,863			4,208			11,969			11,212
Right-to-use contract upfront payments, deferred, net	(2,883		)	(1,670		)	(6,189		)	(3,766		)
Utility and other income	25,917			26,295			75,758			69,071
Gross revenues from home sales	9,339			10,012			26,753			24,872
Brokered resale and ancillary services revenues, net	1,362			1,983			3,380			4,088
Interest income	1,846			1,974			5,658			5,542
Income from other investments, net	5,421			2,052			9,774			3,918
Total revenues	256,675			241,625			743,202			695,326
Expenses:
Property operating and maintenance	84,445			80,164			239,444			221,119
Rental home operating and maintenance	1,904			1,704			4,957			4,912
Real estate taxes	13,240			14,006			40,815			41,986
Sales and marketing, gross	3,568			3,277			9,685			8,861
Right-to-use contract commissions, deferred, net	(458		)	(176		)	(744		)	(372		)
Property management	13,589			13,160			40,742			38,743
Depreciation on real estate assets and rental homes	32,856			30,493			96,630			90,849
Amortization of in-place leases	2,124			138			5,069			2,128
Cost of home sales	9,742			10,377			27,948			25,391
Home selling expenses	1,101			1,447			3,149			3,301
General and administrative	8,816			7,505			26,523			23,339
Other expenses	386			324			1,096			814
Interest and related amortization	26,490			25,027			78,478			74,728
Total expenses	197,803			187,446			573,792			535,799
Income before equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures	58,872			54,179			169,410			159,527
Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures	788			686			3,596			2,876
Consolidated net income	59,660			54,865			173,006			162,403

Income allocated to non-controlling interests – Common OP Units	(3,590		)	(3,286		)	(10,569		)	(9,825		)
Redeemable perpetual preferred stock dividends and original issuance costs	—			(3,054		)	(8		)	(7,667		)
Net income available for Common Stockholders	$	56,070		$	48,525		$	162,429		$	144,911

Consolidated net income	$	59,660		$	54,865		$	173,006		$	162,403
Other comprehensive income:
Adjustment for fair market value of swap	380			(30		)	3,017			227
Consolidated comprehensive income	60,040			54,835			176,023			162,630
Comprehensive income allocated to non-controlling interests – Common OP Units	(3,613		)	(3,237		)	(10,754		)	(9,792		)
Redeemable perpetual preferred stock dividends and original issuance costs	—			(3,054		)	(8		)	(7,667		)
Comprehensive income attributable to Common Stockholders	$	56,427		$	48,544		$	165,261		$	145,171

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income (Continued)

(amounts in thousands, except per share data)

(unaudited)



	Quarters Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Earnings per Common Share – Basic:
Net income available for Common Stockholders	$	0.63	$	0.56	$	1.83	$	1.67
Earnings per Common Share – Fully Diluted:
Net income available for Common Stockholders	$	0.63	$	0.56	$	1.82	$	1.66

Weighted average Common Shares outstanding – basic	89,200		87,037		88,760		86,620
Weighted average Common Shares outstanding – fully diluted	95,263		93,324		94,827		93,135

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity

(amounts in thousands)

(unaudited)



	Common Stock		Paid-in Capital			Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock			Distributions in Excess of Accumulated Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss/(Income)		Non- controlling interests – Common OP Units			Total Equity
Balance, December 31, 2017	$	883	$	1,242,109		$	—		$	(211,980	)	$	942	$	68,088		$	1,100,042
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle (as described in Note 2)	—		—			—			(15,186		)	—		—			(15,186		)
Balance, January 1, 2018	883		1,242,109			—			(227,166		)	942		68,088			1,084,856
Exchange of Common OP Units for Common Stock	—		80			—			—			—		(80		)	—
Issuance of Common Stock through employee stock purchase plan	—		503			—			—			—		—			503
Compensation expenses related to restricted stock and stock options	—		1,800			—			—			—		—			1,800
Adjustment for Common OP Unitholders in the Operating Partnership	—		782			—			—			—		(782		)	—
Adjustment for fair market value of swap	—		—			—			—			1,873		—			1,873
Consolidated net income	—		—			—			60,222			—		3,955			64,177
Distributions	—		—			—			(48,805		)	—		(3,205		)	(52,010		)
Other	—		(60		)	—			—			—		—			(60		)
Balance, March 31, 2018	883		1,245,214			—			(215,749		)	2,815		67,976			1,101,139
Exchange of Common OP Units for Common Stock	1		81			—			—			—		(82		)	—
Issuance of Common Stock through employee stock purchase plan	—		343			—			—			—		—			343
Compensation expenses related to restricted stock and stock options	—		2,741			—			—			—		—			2,741
Adjustment for Common OP Unitholders in the Operating Partnership	—		(57		)	—			—			—		57			—
Adjustment for fair market value of swap	—		—			—			—			764		—			764
Consolidated net income	—		—			8			46,137			—		3,024			49,169
Distributions	—		—			(8		)	(48,841		)	—		(3,201		)	(52,050		)
Other	—		(275		)	—			—			—		—			(275		)
Balance, June 30, 2018	884		1,248,047			—			(218,453		)	3,579		67,774			1,101,831
Exchange of Common OP Units for Common Stock	1		858			—			—			—		(859		)	—
Issuance of Common Stock through employee stock purchase plan	—		765			—			—			—		—			765
Issuance of Common Stock	10		78,745			—			—			—		—			78,755
Compensation expenses related to restricted stock and stock options	—		2,746			—			—			—		—			2,746
Adjustment for Common OP Unitholders in the Operating Partnership	—		(4,414		)	—			—			—		4,414			—
Adjustment for fair market value of swap	—		—			—			—			380		—			380
Consolidated net income	—		—			—			56,070			—		3,590			59,660
Distributions	—		—			—			(49,360		)	—		(3,161		)	(52,521		)
Other	—		(1,099		)	—			—			—		—			(1,099		)
Balance, September 30, 2018	$	895	$	1,325,648		$	—		$	(211,743	)	$	3,959	$	71,758		$	1,190,517

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity

(amounts in thousands)

(unaudited)



	Common Stock		Paid-in Capital			Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock			Distributions in Excess of Accumulated Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss/(Income)			Non- controlling interests – Common OP Units			Total Equity
Balance, January 1, 2017	$	854	$	1,103,048		$	136,144		$	(231,276	)	$	(227	)	$	73,304		$	1,081,847
Exchange of Common OP Units for Common Stock	12		15,339												(15,351		)	—
Issuance of Common Stock through employee stock purchase plan	—		403			—			—			—			—			403
Compensation expenses related to restricted stock and stock options	—		1,755			—			—			—			—			1,755
Adjustment for Common OP Unitholders in the Operating Partnership	—		(2,885		)	—			—			—			2,885			—
Adjustment for fair market value of swap	—		—			—			—			226			—			226
Consolidated net income	—		—			2,297			56,888			—			3,890			63,075
Distributions	—		—			(2,297		)	(42,335		)	—			(2,895		)	(47,527		)
Other	—		(32		)	—			(1		)	—			—			(33		)
Balance, March 31, 2017	866		1,117,628			136,144			(216,724		)	(1		)	61,833			1,099,746
Exchange of Common OP Units for Common Stock	1		1,085			—			—			—			(1,086		)	—
Issuance of Common Stock through employee stock purchase plan	—		361			—			—			—			—			361
Compensation expenses related to restricted stock and stock options	—		2,502			—			—			—			—			2,502
Adjustment for Common OP Unitholders in the Operating Partnership	—		(152		)	—			—			—			152			—
Adjustment for fair market value of swap	—		—			—			—			31			—			31
Consolidated net income	—		—			2,316			39,497			—			2,649			44,462
Distributions	—		—			(2,316		)	(42,415		)	—			(2,845		)	(47,576		)
Other	—		(116		)	—			1			—			—			(115		)
Balance, June 30, 2017	867		1,121,308			136,144			(219,641		)	30			60,703			1,099,411
Exchange of Common OP Units for Common Stock	—		5			—			—			—			(5		)	—
Issuance of Common Stock through employee stock purchase plan	—		851			—			—			—			—			851
Issuance of Common Stock	5		42,032			—			—			—			—			42,037
Compensation expenses related to restricted stock and stock options	—		2,556			—			—			—			—			2,556
Adjustment for Common OP Unitholders in the Operating Partnership	—		(2,276		)	—			—			—			2,276			—
Adjustment for fair market value of swap	—		—			—			—			(30		)	—			(30		)
Consolidated net income	—		—			3,054			48,525			—			3,286			54,865
Distributions	—		—			(2,297		)	(42,655		)	—			(2,844		)	(47,796		)
Series C Preferred stock redemption	—		—			(136,144		)	—			—			—			(136,144		)
Series C Preferred stock original issuance costs	—		757			(757		)	—			—			—			—
Other	—		(575		)	—			—			—			—			(575		)
Balance, September 30, 2017	$	872	$	1,164,658		$	—		$	(213,771	)	$	—		$	63,416		$	1,015,175

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(amounts in thousands)

(unaudited)



	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
Consolidated net income	$	173,006		$	162,403
Adjustments to reconcile Consolidated net income to Net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation	97,729			91,781
Amortization of in-place leases	5,069			2,128
Amortization of loan costs	2,675			2,676
Debt premium amortization	(1,061		)	(1,664		)
Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures	(3,596		)	(2,876		)
Distributions of income from unconsolidated joint ventures	2,869			2,071
Proceeds from insurance claims, net	(3,353		)	(134		)
Compensation expenses related to restricted stock and stock options	7,287			6,813
Revenue recognized from right-to-use contract upfront payments	(5,780		)	(7,440		)
Commission expense recognized related to right-to-use contracts	2,715			3,327
Long-term incentive plan compensation	819			1,011
Provision for (recovery of) uncollectible rents receivable	412			(52		)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Notes receivable activity, net	280			(337		)
Deferred commission expense	(3,424		)	(3,560		)
Escrow deposits, goodwill and other assets	17,910			21,822
Accrued expenses and accounts payable	13,858			16,752
Deferred revenue – upfront payments from right-to-use contracts	11,969			11,210
Deferred revenue – right-to-use annual payments	1,093			696
Rents received in advance and security deposits	665			(3,305		)
Net cash provided by operating activities	321,142			303,322
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
Real estate acquisitions, net	(131,804		)	(2,163		)
Investment in unconsolidated joint ventures	(3,914		)	(33,479		)
Distributions of capital from unconsolidated joint ventures	168			640
Proceeds from insurance claims	6,615			1,547
Repayments of notes receivable	21,618			7,643
Issuance of notes receivable	(8,716		)	(22,297		)
Capital improvements	(128,436		)	(87,877		)
Net cash used in investing activities	(244,469		)	(135,986		)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
Proceeds from stock options and employee stock purchase plan	1,610			1,615
Gross proceeds from sale of Common Stock	78,755			42,037
Distributions:
Common Stockholders	(140,850		)	(121,114		)
Common OP Unitholders	(9,250		)	(8,786		)
Perpetual Preferred Stockholders	(8		)	(6,910		)
Principal payments and mortgage debt payoff	(36,308		)	(60,392		)
New mortgage notes payable financing proceeds	64,014			146,000
Line of Credit payoff	(174,000		)	—
Line of Credit proceeds	224,000			—
Redemption of preferred stock	—			(136,144		)
Debt issuance and defeasance costs	(1,878		)	(1,864		)
Other	(1,433		)	(723		)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	4,652			(146,281		)
Net increase in Cash and restricted cash	81,325			21,055
Cash and restricted cash, beginning of period	31,085			56,340
Cash and restricted cash, end of period	$	112,410		$	77,395

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (continued)

(amounts in thousands)

(unaudited)



	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017
Supplemental Information:
Cash paid during the period for interest	$	76,881		$	76,713
Building and other depreciable property – reclassification of rental homes	29,170			25,852
Escrow deposits and other assets – reclassification of rental homes	(29,170		)	(25,852		)

Real estate acquisitions:
Investment in real estate, fair value	$	(150,926	)	$	(7,985	)
Investment in real estate, cost	—			(110		)
Escrow deposits and other assets	(9		)	—
Debt assumed	9,200			5,900
Debt financed	8,786			—
Accrued expenses and accounts payable	1,066			32
Rents and other customer payments received in advance and security deposits	79			—
Real estate acquisitions, net	$	(131,804	)	$	(2,163	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1 – Basis of Presentation

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc., a Maryland corporation, together with MHC Operating Limited Partnership (the “Operating Partnership”) and other consolidated subsidiaries (“Subsidiaries”) are referred to herein as “we,” “us,” and “our.” We are a fully integrated owner and operator of lifestyle-oriented properties ("Properties") consisting primarily of manufactured home ("MH") communities and recreational vehicle ("RV") resorts and campgrounds. We provide our customers the opportunity to place factory built homes, cottages, cabins or RVs on our properties either on a long-term or short-term basis. Our customers may lease individual developed areas ("Sites") or enter right-to-use contracts, which provide them access to specific Properties for limited stays.

Capitalized terms used but not defined herein are as defined in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 (“2017 Form 10-K”). These unaudited interim Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared pursuant to Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) rules and regulations. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and note disclosures required by U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP") for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the 2017 Form 10-K.

The following notes to the unaudited interim Consolidated Financial Statements highlight significant changes to the notes included in the 2017 Form 10-K and present interim disclosures as required by the SEC. The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements reflect, in the opinion of management, all adjustments and estimates necessary for a fair presentation of the interim financial statements, which are of a normal, recurring nature. Revenues and expenses are subject to seasonal fluctuations and accordingly, quarterly interim results may not be indicative of full year results.

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies


(a)	Consolidation

We consolidate our majority-owned Subsidiaries in which we have the ability to control the operations and all variable interest entities ("VIEs") with respect to which we are the primary beneficiary. We have determined the Operating Partnership, which is our sole significant asset, meets the definition of a VIE. Therefore, we consolidate the Operating Partnership. We also consolidate entities in which we have a direct or indirect controlling or voting interest. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

We apply the equity method of accounting to entities in which we do not have a direct or indirect controlling interest or for variable interest entities where we are not considered the primary beneficiary, but can exercise significant influence over the entity with respect to its operations and major decisions. We apply the cost method of accounting when our investment is (i) minimal (typically less than 5.0%) and (ii) passive. Our exposure to losses associated with unconsolidated joint ventures is primarily limited to the carrying value of these investments. Accordingly, distributions from a joint venture in excess of our carrying value are recognized in earnings.


(b)	Identified Intangibles and Goodwill

As of both September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the gross carrying amount of identified intangible assets and goodwill, a component of Escrow deposits, goodwill and other assets, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, was approximately $12.1 million. As of both September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, this amount was comprised of approximately $4.3 million of identified intangible assets and approximately $7.8 million of goodwill. Accumulated amortization of identified intangible assets was approximately $3.0 million and $2.9 million as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the gross carrying amount of in-place lease intangible assets, a component of Buildings and other depreciable property on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, was approximately $84.9 million and $76.7 million, respectively. Accumulated amortization of in-place lease intangible assets was approximately $81.7 million and $76.5 million as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.


(c)	Restricted Cash

As of both September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, Cash and restricted cash included approximately $5.3 million of restricted cash for the payment of capital improvements, insurance or real estate taxes pursuant to certain loan agreements.

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)


(d)	Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Our financial instruments include notes receivable, accounts receivable, accounts payable, other accrued expenses, interest rate swaps and mortgage notes payable. We disclose the estimated fair value of our financial instruments according to a fair value hierarchy (Level 1, 2 and 3).

Our mortgage notes payable and term loan, excluding deferred financing costs of approximately $23.6 million and $23.7 million as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, had an aggregate carrying value of approximately $2,238.4 million and $2,193.7 million as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, and a fair value of approximately $2,200.8 million and $2,184.0 million as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. The fair value was measured using quoted prices and observable inputs from similar liabilities (Level 2). At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, our cash flow hedge of interest rate risk included in Escrow deposits, goodwill and other assets, net was measured using quoted prices and observable inputs from similar assets and liabilities (Level 2). We consider our own credit risk as well as the credit risk of our counterparties when evaluating the fair value of our derivative. The fair values of our notes receivable approximate their carrying or contract values. We also utilize Level 2 inputs as part of our determination of the purchase price allocation for our acquisitions.


(e)	Revenue Recognition

Our revenue streams are predominantly derived from customers renting our Sites and are accounted for in accordance with ("ASC 840"), Leases, which include the following classifications on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income: Community base rental income; Rental home income; Resort base rental income; and Utility and other income. Customers lease the Site on which their home is located, and either own or lease their home. Lease revenues for Sites and homes are accounted for as operating leases and recognized over the term of the respective lease or the length of a customer’s stay. A typical lease for the rental of a Site between us and the owner or renter of a home is month-to-month or for a one-year term, renewable upon the consent of both parties, or in some instances, as provided by statute.

All other classifications on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income are accounted for under other applicable accounting standards.

We enter into right-to-use contracts that give the customer the right to a set schedule of usage at a specified group of Properties. Payments are deferred and recognized ratably over the one year period in which access to Sites at certain Properties are provided. Right-to-use upgrade contracts grant certain additional access rights to the customer and require upfront non-refundable payments. The right-to-use upfront non-refundable payments are recognized on a straight-line basis over 20 years. On January 1, 2018, we adopted (“ASU 2014-09”), Revenue from Contracts with Customers. See Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements within Note 2 for further discussion.

Income from home sales is recognized when the earnings process is complete. The earnings process is complete when the home has been delivered, the purchaser has accepted the home and title has transferred.


(f)	Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

On January 1, 2018, we adopted on a prospective basis ("ASU 2017-01") Business Combinations: Clarifying the Definition of a Business (Topic 805). This guidance clarifies the definition of a business and provides a screen to determine when an integrated set of assets and activities is not considered a business and, thus, is accounted for as an asset acquisition rather than a business combination. The screen requires that when substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired (or disposed of) is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets, the set is not considered a business. Under this new guidance, transaction costs associated with asset acquisitions are capitalized, while transaction costs associated with business combinations are expensed as incurred. All of the acquisitions completed subsequent to January 1, 2018 met the screen and, therefore, were accounted for as asset acquisitions and, as such, the related transaction costs of $1.5 million were capitalized for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.

On January 1, 2018, we adopted (“ASU 2016-18”) Statement of Cash Flows: Restricted Cash (Topic 230). This guidance requires companies to include restricted cash with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The adoption of this guidance did not have any effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

On January 1, 2018, we adopted (“ASU 2016-15”) Statement of Cash Flows: Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (Topic 230) on a retrospective basis. This update adds or clarifies guidance on the classification of certain cash receipts and payments on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The adoption of ASU 2016-15 impacted our classification of proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims and distributions received from equity method investments. The retrospective adoption of this guidance resulted in the reclassification of $1.5 million of insurance proceeds from Operating Activities to Investing Activities and $0.6 million of distributions from equity method investments from Operating Activities to Investing Activities on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

On January 1, 2018, we adopted ASU 2014-09, which is a comprehensive new revenue recognition model that requires revenue to be recognized in a manner to depict the transfer of goods or services to a customer at an amount that reflects the consideration expected to be received in exchange for those goods or services. We applied the modified retrospective method to our right-to-use upgrade contracts and related commissions that were not fully amortized as of January 1, 2018. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2018 are presented under ASU 2014-09, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the previous accounting standards. As a result of the cumulative impact of adopting this guidance, we recorded a net reduction to retained earnings of approximately $15.2 million as of January 1, 2018 in Distributions in excess of accumulated earnings on the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity. There have not been significant changes to our business processes, systems, or internal controls as a result of implementing the standard. In addition to the information included within Note 2 regarding the impact of ASU 2014-09, also see Note 10, Reportable Segments, for further disaggregation of our various revenue streams by major source.

The cumulative effect adjustments resulting from the adoption of ASU 2014-09 as of January 1, 2018 were as follows:



(amounts in thousands)	Balance at December 31, 2017			Adjustment due to ASU 2014-09 Adoption			Balance at January 1, 2018
Assets
Deferred commission expense	$	31,443		$	8,200		$	39,643
Liabilities
Deferred revenue-upfront payment from right-to-use contracts	$	85,596		$	23,386		$	108,982
Equity
Distribution in excess of accumulated earnings	$	(211,980	)	$	(15,186	)	$	(227,166	)

The impact of ASU 2014-09 on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the quarter ended September 30, 2018 was as follows:



(amounts in thousands, except per share data)	As Reported			Balances Without Adoption of ASU 2014-09 (a)			Effect of Change Higher/(Lower)
Revenues
Right-to-use contract upfront payments, deferred, net	$	(2,883	)	$	(2,131	)	$	752
Total revenues	$	256,675		$	257,427		$	(752	)

Expenses
Right-to-use contract commissions, deferred, net	$	(458	)	$	(245	)	$	213
Total expenses	$	197,803		$	198,016		$	(213	)

Consolidated net income	$	59,660		$	60,189		$	(529	)
Net income available for Common Stockholders	$	56,070		$	56,567		$	(497	)
Earnings per Common Share - Basic	$	0.63		$	0.63		$	—
Earnings per Common Share - Fully Diluted	$	0.63		$	0.63		$	—

_____________________

(a) Represents the amounts that would have been reported under GAAP that existed prior to the January 1, 2018 adoption of ASU 2014-09.

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

The impact of ASU 2014-09 on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was as follows:



(amounts in thousands, except per share data)	As Reported			Balances Without Adoption of ASU 2014-09 (a)			Effect of Change Higher/(Lower)
Revenues
Right-to-use contract upfront payments, deferred, net	$	(6,189	)	$	(3,968	)	$	2,221
Total revenues	$	743,202		$	745,423		$	(2,221	)

Expenses
Right-to-use contract commissions, deferred, net	$	(744	)	$	(81	)	$	663
Total expenses	$	573,792		$	574,455		$	(663	)

Consolidated net income	$	173,006		$	174,554		$	(1,548	)
Net income available for Common Stockholders	$	162,429		$	163,890		$	(1,461	)
Earnings per Common Share - Basic	$	1.83		$	1.85		$	(0.02	)
Earnings per Common Share - Fully Diluted	$	1.82		$	1.84		$	(0.02	)

_____________________

(a) Represents the amounts that would have been reported under GAAP that existed prior to the January 1, 2018 adoption of ASU 2014-09.


(g)	New Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2018, the FASB issued ("ASU 2018-15") Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract. ASU 2018-15 provides clarity on the accounting for implementation costs of a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract. The project stage (that is, preliminary project stage, application development stage, or post implementation stage) and the nature of the implementation costs determine which costs to capitalize as an asset related to the service contract and which ones to expense. This update also requires the capitalized implementation costs to be expensed over the term of the arrangement and presented in the same line item in the Consolidated Financial Statements as the fees associated with the service of the arrangement. ASU 2018-15 is effective in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those years. Early adoption is permitted. This guidance can be applied either retrospectively or prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption. We are currently in the process of evaluating the potential impact, if any, that the adoption of this standard may have on the Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ("ASU 2017-12") Derivatives and Hedging: Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities (Topic 815). ASU 2017-12 provides guidance about income statement classification and eliminates the requirement to separately measure and report hedge ineffectiveness. The entire change in fair value for qualifying hedge instruments including ineffectiveness will be recorded in Other comprehensive income ("OCI") and amounts deferred in OCI will be reclassified to earnings in the same income statement line item in which the earnings effect of the hedged item is reported. The new guidance also amends the presentation and disclosure requirements. The intention is to align hedge accounting with companies' risk management strategies more closely, thereby simplifying the application of hedge accounting and increasing transparency as to the scope and results of hedging programs. ASU 2017-12 is effective in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those years. We are currently in the process of evaluating the potential impact, if any, that the adoption of this standard may have on the Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures.

In June 2016, the FASB issued (“ASU 2016-13”) Financial Instruments - Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (Topic 326). ASU 2016-13 requires entities to measure all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Entities will now use forward-looking information to better form their credit loss estimates. ASU 2016-13 also requires enhanced disclosures to help financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an entity’s portfolio. ASU 2016-13 will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently in the process of evaluating the potential impact, if any, that adoption of this standard may have on the Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ("ASU 2016-02") Leases, regarding the accounting for leases for both lessees and lessors. The pronouncement generally requires lessees to record a right of use asset and a corresponding lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. In July 2018, ASU 2016-02 was amended, providing another transition

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

method by allowing companies to initially apply the new lease standard in the period of adoption, recognizing a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance sheet of retained earnings, if necessary. The lease standard amendment also provided a practical expedient for an accounting policy election for lessors, by class of underlying asset, to not separate nonlease components from the associated lease components, if certain requirements are met. The new guidance is effective for public companies for annual reporting periods and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018.

The Company expects to adopt this new guidance on January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective approach, which will result in a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of January 1, 2019. Upon adoption, the Company will recognize a right of use asset and corresponding lease liability for operating leases where it is the lessee, such as ground leases and office leases. The Company is in the process of evaluating the inputs required to calculate the amounts that will be recorded on its balance sheet for each lease. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, the Company expects to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset to not recognize lease liabilities and lease assets. For leases where we are the lessor, the Company expects that accounting for lease components will be largely unchanged from existing GAAP and to elect the practical expedient to not separate non-lease components from lease components based upon the predominant component for these operating leases.

Note 3 – Earnings Per Common Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share for the quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017:



	Quarters Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(amounts in thousands, except per share data)	2018		2017		2018		2017
Numerator:
Net Income Available for Common Stockholders:
Net income available for Common Stockholders – basic	$	56,070	$	48,525	$	162,429	$	144,911
Amounts allocated to dilutive securities	3,590		3,286		10,569		9,825
Net income available for Common Stockholders – fully dilutive	$	59,660	$	51,811	$	172,998	$	154,736
Denominator:
Weighted average Common Shares outstanding – basic	89,200		87,037		88,760		86,620
Effect of dilutive securities:
Exchange of Common OP Units for Common Shares	5,771		5,836		5,808		6,100
Stock options and restricted shares	292		451		259		415
Weighted average Common Shares outstanding – fully diluted	95,263		93,324		94,827		93,135

Earnings per Common Share – Basic:
Net income available for Common Stockholders	$	0.63	$	0.56	$	1.83	$	1.67

Earnings per Common Share – Fully Diluted:
Net income available for Common Stockholders	$	0.63	$	0.56	$	1.82	$	1.66

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 4 – Common Stock and Other Equity Related Transactions

Common Stockholder Distribution Activity

The following quarterly distributions have been declared and paid to common stockholders and non-controlling common operating partnership unit ("OP Unit") holders since January 1, 2017:



Distribution Amount Per Share	For the Quarter Ended	Stockholder Record Date	Payment Date
$0.4875	March 31, 2017	March 31, 2017	April 14, 2017
$0.4875	June 30, 2017	June 30, 2017	July 14, 2017
$0.4875	September 30, 2017	September 29, 2017	October 13, 2017
$0.4875	December 31, 2017	December 29, 2017	January 12, 2018
$0.5500	March 31, 2018	March 30, 2018	April 13, 2018
$0.5500	June 30, 2018	June 29, 2018	July 13, 2018
$0.5500	September 30, 2018	September 28, 2018	October 12, 2018

On November 2, 2017, we adopted a new at-the-market (“ATM”) equity offering program with certain sales agents, pursuant to which we may sell, from time-to-time, shares of our Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, having an aggregate offering price of up to $200.0 million. Under our prior ATM program, the aggregate offering price was up to $125.0 million.

The following table presents the shares that were issued under the ATM equity offering programs during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and nine months ended September 30, 2017.



(amounts in thousands, except stock data):	Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2018		September 30, 2017
Shares of Common Stock sold	861,141		484,913
Weighted average price	$	91.45	$	86.69
Total gross proceeds	$	78,755	$	42,037
Commissions paid to sales agents	$	1,028	$	526

As of September 30, 2018, approximately $71.2 million of Common Stock remained available for issuance under the ATM equity offering program.

Exchanges

Subject to certain limitations, holders of OP Units can request an exchange of any or all of their OP Units for shares of Common Stock at any time. Upon receipt of such a request, we may, in lieu of issuing shares of Common Stock, cause the Operating Partnership to pay cash. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, 87,718 OP Units were exchanged for an equal number of shares of Common Stock. During the same period in 2017, 1,335,247 OP Units were exchanged for an equal number of shares of Common Stock.

Series C Preferred Stock Redemption and Distribution Activity

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we redeemed our 6.75% Series C Preferred Stock for $138.4 million, including accrued dividends. The shares of Series C Preferred Stock that were redeemed now have the status of authorized but unissued preferred stock, without designation as to class or series. There were no shares of 6.75% Series C Preferred Stock issued or outstanding as of September 30, 2017 or 2018.

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 4 –Common Stock and Other Equity Related Transactions (continued)

The following quarterly distributions have been declared and paid to our preferred stockholders since January 1, 2017 and prior to the stock's redemption, which occurred in September 2017:



Distribution Amount Per Share	For the Quarter Ended	Stockholder Record Date	Payment Date
$0.421875	March 31, 2017	March 10, 2017	March 31, 2017
$0.421875	June 30, 2017	June 15, 2017	June 30, 2017
$0.421875	September 30, 2017	September 15, 2017	September 25, 2017

Note 5 – Real Estate Acquisitions

On September 21, 2018, we completed the acquisition of Sunseekers, a 241-site RV resort in North Fort Myers, Florida. The purchase price was $6.5 million and was funded with net proceeds from sales of Common Stock under our ATM equity offering program.

On July 20, 2018, we completed the acquisition of Everglades Lakes, a 612-site manufactured home community in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. The purchase price was $72.2 million, including $0.2 million of transaction costs, and was funded with net proceeds from sales of Common Stock under our ATM equity offering program.

On April 20, 2018, we completed the acquisition of Holiday Travel Park, a 613-site RV Resort in Holiday, Florida. The purchase price was $22.5 million, including $0.3 million of transaction costs, and was funded with available cash and proceeds from our line of credit.

On March 15, 2018, we completed the acquisition of Serendipity, a 425-site manufactured home community located in Clearwater, Florida. The purchase price was $30.7 million, including $0.6 million of transaction costs, and was funded with available cash, a loan assumption of $9.2 million and new loan proceeds of $8.8 million.

On March 8, 2018, we completed the acquisition of Kingswood, a 229-site manufactured home community located in Riverview, Florida. The purchase price was $17.5 million, including $0.4 million of transaction costs, and was funded with available cash.

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 6 – Investment in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures

The following table summarizes our Investment in unconsolidated joint ventures (amounts in thousands, except number of Properties shown parenthetically as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017):



						Investment as of				Joint Venture Income/(Loss) Nine Months Ended
Investment	Location	Number of Sites ^(a)	Economic Interest ^(b)			September 30, 2018		December 31, 2017		September 30, 2018			September 30, 2017
Meadows	Various (2,2)	1,077	50	%		$	558	$	307	$	1,252		$	1,610
Lakeshore	Florida (3,3)	720	(c)			2,278		2,530		(62		)	10
Voyager	Arizona (1,1)	1,801	50	%	^(d)	3,249		3,205		866			795
Loggerhead	Florida	2,343	49	%		35,205		31,414		1,089			230
ECHO JV	Various	—	50	%		16,076		15,624		451			231
		5,941				$	57,366	$	53,080	$	3,596		$	2,876

_____________________


(a)	Loggerhead sites represent marina slip count.


(b)	The percentages shown approximate our economic interest as of September 30, 2018. Our legal ownership interest may differ.


(c)	Includes two joint ventures in which we own a 65% interest and Crosswinds joint venture in which we own a 49% interest.


(d)	Voyager joint venture primarily consists of a 50% interest in Voyager RV Resort and 33% interest in the utility plant servicing the Property.

On March 29, 2018, the Crosswinds joint venture repaid a short-term loan to us in the amount of $13.8 million. We provided the loan to Crosswinds in conjunction with the formation of the joint venture in June 2017.

We received approximately $3.0 million and $2.7 million in distributions from these joint ventures for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Approximately $0.1 million and $0.6 million of the distributions made to us exceeded our basis in joint ventures for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017, respectively, and as such were recorded as income from unconsolidated joint ventures.

Note 7 – Borrowing Arrangements

Mortgage Notes Payable

In connection with the Serendipity acquisition during the first quarter of 2018, we assumed a loan of approximately $9.2 million and obtained additional financing of $8.8 million for a total mortgage debt, secured by the manufactured home community, of $18.0 million. The loans carry an average interest rate of 4.75% and mature in 2039.

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, we had outstanding mortgage indebtedness of approximately $2,016.3 million and $1,971.7 million, respectively, net of deferred financing costs.

The weighted average interest rate on our outstanding mortgage indebtedness, including the impact of premium/discount amortization and loan cost amortization on mortgage indebtedness, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was approximately 4.7% per annum. The debt bears interest at stated rates ranging from 3.1% to 8.9% per annum and matures on various dates ranging from 2018 to 2041. The debt encumbered a total of 124 and 120 of our Properties as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, and the carrying value of such Properties was approximately $2,508.5 million and $2,323.1 million, as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

Unsecured Line of Credit

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we borrowed and paid off amounts on our unsecured line of credit, leaving a balance of $80.0 million outstanding as of September 30, 2018.

As of September 30, 2018, we are in compliance in all material respects with the covenants in our borrowing arrangements.

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 8 – Equity Incentive Awards

Compensation expense related to restricted stock and stock options, reported in General and administrative on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income, for the quarters ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 was approximately $2.7 million and $2.6 million, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 was approximately $7.3 million and $6.8 million, respectively.

Our 2014 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2014 Plan”) was adopted by our Board of Directors on March 11, 2014 and approved by our stockholders on May 13, 2014. Grants under the 2014 Plan are approved by the Compensation Committee, which determines the individuals eligible to receive awards, the types of awards, and the terms, conditions and restrictions applicable to any award, except grants to directors which are approved by the Board of Directors. The Compensation Committee determines the vesting schedule, if any, of each restricted stock grant or stock option grant and the term of each stock option, which term shall not exceed ten years from the date of grant. Shares that do not vest are forfeited. Dividends paid on restricted stock are not returnable, even if the underlying stock does not entirely vest. A maximum of 3,750,000 shares of Common Stock were originally available for grant under the 2014 Plan. As of September 30, 2018, 2,927,923 shares remained available for grant.

On February 1, 2018, we awarded 70,250 shares of restricted stock (the “2018 Awards”) at a fair market value of approximately $5.9 million to certain members of our senior management for their service in 2018. These restricted stock grants vest over a three-year vesting period, with one-third vesting on December 28, 2018 and the remaining two-thirds vesting on each of December 28, 2019 and December 28, 2020, respectively (the “Extended Vesting Portion”). One-half of the Extended Vesting Portion of the 2018 Awards provide solely for time-based vesting and will vest in equal installments on December 28, 2019 and December 28, 2020. The remaining one-half of the Extended Vesting Portion of the 2018 Awards provide for performance-based vesting and will vest, subject to the satisfaction of the performance conditions to be established by the Compensation Committee in the year of the vesting period, in equal installments on December 28, 2019 and December 28, 2020.

Additionally, on February 1, 2018, we awarded a one-time transition award of time-based restricted stock (the "Transition Awards") as a transition from our prior practice of granting annual restricted stock awards which vest in full on December 31 of the relevant grant year. On February 1, 2018, we awarded Transition Awards for 70,250 shares of common stock at a fair market value of approximately $5.9 million to certain members of our senior management. These Transition Awards are intended to mitigate the impact of a reduction in the realized pay for certain members of our senior management in 2018 and 2019 resulting from the three-year vesting period for the 2018 Awards. Two-thirds of each Transition Award will vest on December 28, 2018, and the remaining one-third will vest on December 28, 2019. The Transition Awards are not subject to performance goals. The Compensation Committee does not intend to replicate these Transition Awards in future years.

On May 1, 2018, we awarded to certain members of our Board of Directors, 51,388 shares of Restricted Stock at a fair market value of approximately $4.6 million and Options to purchase 6,270 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $89.65 per share. The shares of common stock covered by these awards are subject to multiple tranches that vest between November 1, 2018 and May 1, 2021.

On July 31, 2018, we awarded to certain members of our Board of Directors 617 shares of Restricted Stock at a fair market value of approximately $0.1 million. The shares of common stock covered by these awards are subject to multiple tranches that vest between January 31, 2019 and July 31, 2021.

The fair market value of our restricted stock grants was determined by using the closing share price of our common stock on the date the shares were issued. Time-based restricted stock awards are recorded as stock-based compensation expense and paid in capital over the vesting period. Stock-based compensation for restricted stock awards with performance conditions will be recognized using the closing price of our common stock at the grant date when the key terms and conditions are known to all parties.

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 9 – Commitments and Contingencies

Civil Investigation by Certain California District Attorneys

In November 2014, we received a civil investigative subpoena from the office of the District Attorney for Monterey County, California ("MCDA"), seeking information relating to, among other items, statewide compliance with asbestos and hazardous waste regulations dating back to 2005 primarily in connection with demolition and renovation projects performed by third-party contractors at our California Properties. We responded by providing the information required by the subpoena.

On October 20, 2015, we attended a meeting with representatives of the MCDA and certain other District Attorneys' offices at which the MCDA reviewed the preliminary results of their investigation including, among other things, (i) alleged violations of asbestos and related regulations associated with approximately 200 historical demolition and renovation projects in California; (ii) potential exposure to civil penalties and unpaid fees; and (iii) next steps with respect to a negotiated resolution of the alleged violations. No legal proceedings have been instituted to date and we are involved in settlement discussions with the District Attorneys' offices. We continue to assess the allegations and the underlying facts, and at this time we are unable to predict the outcome of the investigation or reasonably estimate any possible loss.

Other

In addition to legal matters discussed above, we are involved in various other legal and regulatory proceedings ("Other Proceedings") arising in the ordinary course of business. Other Proceedings include, but are not limited to, notices, consent decrees, information requests, and additional permit requirements and other similar enforcement actions by governmental agencies relating to our utility infrastructure, including water and wastewater treatment plants and other waste treatment facilities and electrical systems. Additionally, in the ordinary course of business, our operations are subject to audit by various taxing authorities. Management believes these Other Proceedings taken together do not represent a material liability. In addition, to the extent any such proceedings or audits relate to newly acquired Properties, we consider any potential indemnification obligations of sellers in our favor.

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 10 – Reportable Segments

We have identified two reportable segments which are: (i) Property Operations and (ii) Home Sales and Rentals Operations. The Property Operations segment owns and operates land lease Properties and the Home Sales and Rentals Operations segment purchases, sells and leases homes at the Properties. The distribution of the Properties throughout the United States reflects our belief that geographic diversification helps insulate the portfolio from regional economic influences.

All revenues are from external customers and there is no customer who contributed 10% or more of our total revenues during the quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2018 or 2017.

The following tables summarize our segment financial information for the quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017:

Quarter Ended September 30, 2018



(amounts in thousands)	Property Operations			Home Sales and Rentals Operations			Consolidated
Operations revenues	$	236,204		$	13,204		$	249,408
Operations expenses	(114,384		)	(12,747		)	(127,131		)
Income from segment operations	121,820			457			122,277
Interest income	863			978			1,841
Depreciation on real estate assets and rental homes	(30,425		)	(2,431		)	(32,856		)
Amortization of in-place leases	(2,124		)	—			(2,124		)
Income (loss) from operations	$	90,134		$	(996	)	$	89,138
Reconciliation to consolidated net income:
Corporate interest income							5
Income from other investments, net							5,421
General and administrative							(8,816		)
Other expenses							(386		)
Interest and related amortization							(26,490		)
Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures							788
Consolidated net income							$	59,660

Total assets	$	3,630,136		$	224,901		$	3,855,037
Capital improvements	$	21,722		$	25,339		$	47,061

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 10 – Reportable Segments (continued)

Quarter Ended September 30, 2017



(amounts in thousands)	Property Operations			Home Sales and Rentals Operations			Consolidated
Operations revenues	$	223,184		$	14,415		$	237,599
Operations expenses	(110,431		)	(13,528		)	(123,959		)
Income from segment operations	112,753			887			113,640
Interest income	773			1,042			1,815
Depreciation on real estate assets and rental homes	(27,879		)	(2,614		)	(30,493		)
Amortization of in-place leases	(138		)	—			(138		)
Income (loss) from operations	$	85,509		$	(685	)	$	84,824
Reconciliation to consolidated net income:
Corporate interest income							159
Income from other investments, net							2,052
General and administrative							(7,505		)
Other expenses							(324		)
Interest and related amortization							(25,027		)
Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures							686
Consolidated net income							$	54,865

Total assets	$	3,298,122		$	227,725		$	3,525,847
Capital improvements	$	20,308		$	14,104		$	34,412

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018



(amounts in thousands)	Property Operations			Home Sales and Rentals Operations			Consolidated
Operations revenues	$	689,387		$	38,383		$	727,770
Operations expenses	(329,942		)	(36,054		)	(365,996		)
Income from segment operations	359,445			2,329			361,774
Interest income	2,494			2,918			5,412
Depreciation on real estate assets and rental homes	(89,308		)	(7,322		)	(96,630		)
Amortization of in-place leases	(5,069		)	—			(5,069		)
Income (loss) from operations	$	267,562		$	(2,075	)	$	265,487
Reconciliation to consolidated net income:
Corporate interest income							246
Income from other investments, net							9,774
General and administrative							(26,523		)
Other expenses							(1,096		)
Interest and related amortization							(78,478		)
Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures							3,596
Consolidated net income							$	173,006

Total assets	$	3,630,136		$	224,901		$	3,855,037
Capital improvements	$	69,591		$	58,845		$	128,436

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 10 – Reportable Segments (continued)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017



(amounts in thousands)	Property Operations			Home Sales and Rentals Operations			Consolidated
Operations revenues	$	648,766		$	37,100		$	685,866
Operations expenses	(310,337		)	(33,604		)	(343,941		)
Income from segment operations	338,429			3,496			341,925
Interest income	2,256			3,122			5,378
Depreciation on real estate assets and rental homes	(82,939		)	(7,910		)	(90,849		)
Amortization of in-place leases	(2,128		)	—			(2,128		)
Income (loss) from operations	$	255,618		$	(1,292	)	$	254,326
Reconciliation to consolidated net income:
Corporate interest income							164
Income from other investments, net							3,918
General and administrative							(23,339		)
Other expenses							(814		)
Interest and related amortization							(74,728		)
Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures							2,876
Consolidated net income							$	162,403

Total assets	$	3,298,122		$	227,725		$	3,525,847
Capital improvements	$	52,040		$	35,837		$	87,877

The following table summarizes our financial information for the Property Operations segment for the quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017:



	Quarters Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
(amounts in thousands)	2018			2017			2018			2017
Revenues:
Community base rental income	$	130,746		$	123,177		$	386,064		$	365,833
Resort base rental income	64,351			58,471			183,836			169,594
Right-to-use annual payments	12,206			11,531			35,616			34,133
Right-to-use contracts current period, gross	4,863			4,208			11,969			11,212
Right-to-use contract upfront payments, deferred, net	(2,883		)	(1,670		)	(6,189		)	(3,766		)
Utility and other income	25,917			26,295			75,758			69,071
Ancillary services revenues, net	1,004			1,172			2,333			2,689
Total property operations revenues	236,204			223,184			689,387			648,766
Expenses:
Property operating and maintenance	84,445			80,164			239,444			221,119
Real estate taxes	13,240			14,006			40,815			41,986
Sales and marketing, gross	3,568			3,277			9,685			8,861
Right-to-use contract commissions, deferred, net	(458		)	(176		)	(744		)	(372		)
Property management	13,589			13,160			40,742			38,743
Total property operations expenses	114,384			110,431			329,942			310,337
Income from property operations segment	$	121,820		$	112,753		$	359,445		$	338,429

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 10 – Reportable Segments (continued)

The following table summarizes our financial information for the Home Sales and Rentals Operations segment for the quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017:



	Quarters Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(amounts in thousands)	2018		2017		2018		2017
Revenues:
Gross revenue from home sales	$	9,339	$	10,012	$	26,753	$	24,872
Brokered resale revenues, net	358		337		1,009		925
Rental home income ^(a)	3,507		3,592		10,583		10,829
Ancillary services revenues, net	—		474		38		474
Total revenues	13,204		14,415		38,383		37,100
Expenses:
Cost of home sales	9,742		10,377		27,948		25,391
Home selling expenses	1,101		1,447		3,149		3,301
Rental home operating and maintenance	1,904		1,704		4,957		4,912
Total expenses	12,747		13,528		36,054		33,604
Income from home sales and rentals operations segment	$	457	$	887	$	2,329	$	3,496

______________________


(a)	Segment information does not include Site rental income included in Community base rental income.

Note 11 - Subsequent Events

On October 1, 2018, we paid off six mortgage loans of $66.3 million, including $0.1 million of prepayment penalties, using our line of credit. The loans, which would have matured in 2019, had a weighted average interest rate of 6.07% per annum and were secured by six MH properties.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, and with the information under the heading "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Overview and Outlook

We are a self-administered, self-managed, real estate investment trust (“REIT”) with headquarters in Chicago, Illinois. We are a fully integrated owner and operator of lifestyle-oriented properties (“Properties”) consisting primarily of manufactured home ("MH") communities and recreational vehicle ("RV") resorts and campgrounds. As of September 30, 2018, we owned or had an ownership interest in a portfolio of 411 Properties located throughout the United States and Canada containing 153,847 Sites. These Properties are located in 32 states and British Columbia, with more than 90 Properties with lake, river or ocean frontage and more than 100 Properties within 10 miles of the coastal United States.

We invest in Properties in sought-after locations near retirement and vacation destinations and urban areas across the United States with a focus on increasing operating cash flows. We seek growth in earnings, funds from operations ("FFO") and cash flows by enhancing the profitability and operation of our Properties and investments. We seek to accomplish this by attracting high- quality customers to our Properties and retaining these customers who take pride in the Property and in their homes and efficiently managing our Properties to increase operating margins by increasing occupancy, maintaining competitive market rents and controlling expenses.

We believe that demand from baby boomers for manufactured housing and RV resorts will continue to outpace supply for several years. We believe these individuals will continue to drive the market for second home sales as vacation properties, investment opportunities, or retirement retreats. We believe it is likely that over the next decade we will continue to see high levels of second home sales and that resort homes and cottages in our Properties will continue to provide a viable second-home alternative to site-built homes.

We also believe that our Properties and our business model provide an opportunity for increased cash flows and appreciation in value. These may be achieved through increases in rental and occupancy rates, as well as expense controls, expansion of existing Properties and opportunistic acquisitions. We actively seek to acquire and are currently engaged in various stages of negotiations relating to the possible acquisition of additional properties, which may include contracts outstanding to acquire such properties that are subject to the satisfactory completion of our due diligence review.

We generate the majority of our revenues from customers renting our individual developed areas ("Sites"), or entering into right-to-use contracts (also referred to as membership products) which provide our customers access to specific Properties for limited stays. Our MH community Sites and annual RV resort Sites are leased on an annual basis. Seasonal Sites are leased to customers generally for one to six months. Transient Sites are leased to customers on a short-term basis. The revenue from seasonal and transient Sites is generally higher during the first and third quarters. We consider the transient revenue stream to be our most volatile as it is subject to weather conditions and other factors affecting the marginal RV customer's vacation and travel preferences. We also have interests in joint venture Properties for which revenue is classified as Equity in income from unconsolidated joint ventures in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

The breakdown of our Sites by type is as follows (amounts are approximate):



	Total Sites as of September 30, 2018
Community Sites	72,400
Resort Sites:
Annual	28,500
Seasonal	11,300
Transient	11,400
Membership⁽¹⁾	24,300
Joint Ventures ⁽²⁾	5,900
	153,800

_________________________


⁽¹⁾	Primarily utilized to service the approximately 112,500 membership customers who have entered into a right-to-use contract. Includes approximately 5,800 Sites rented on an annual basis.


⁽²⁾	Joint ventures have approximately 2,700 annual Sites, 400 seasonal Sites, and 500 transient Sites and includes approximately 2,300 marina slips.

Management's Discussion and Analysis (continued)

In our Home Sales and Rental Operations business our revenue streams include home sales, home rentals, brokerage services and ancillary activities. We generate revenue through home sales and rental operations by selling or leasing Site set homes that are located in Properties owned and managed by us. We continue to focus on our rental operations, as we believe renting our vacant new homes represents an attractive source of occupancy and the opportunity to convert the renter to a homebuyer in the future. We also sell and rent homes through our joint venture, ECHO Financing, LLC (the "ECHO JV"). We provide brokerage services to residents of our Properties who move from a Property but do not relocate their home. In addition, we operate ancillary activities at certain Properties, such as golf courses, pro shops, stores and restaurants.

In the manufactured housing industry, options for home financing, also known as chattel financing, are limited. Chattel financing options available today include community owner-funded programs or third-party lender programs that provide subsidized financing to customers and often require the community owner to guarantee customer defaults. Third-party lender programs have stringent underwriting criteria, sizable down payment requirements, short loan amortization and high interest rates. We have a limited program under which we purchase loans made by an unaffiliated lender to purchasers of homes at our Properties.

In addition to Net income computed in accordance with GAAP, we assess and measure our overall financial and operating performance using certain Non-GAAP supplemental measures, which include: (i) FFO, (ii) Normalized funds from operations ("Normalized FFO"), (iii) Income from property operations, (iv) Income from property operations, excluding deferrals and property management, (v) Core Portfolio income from property operations, excluding deferrals and property management, (operating results for properties owned and operated in both periods under comparison) and (vi) Income from rental operations, net of depreciation. We use these measures internally to evaluate the operating performance of our portfolio and provide a basis for comparison with other real estate companies. Definitions and reconciliations of these measures to the most comparable GAAP measures are included below in this discussion.

Results Overview

For the quarter ended September 30, 2018, Net income available for Common Stockholders increased $7.6 million, or $0.07 per Common Share, to $56.1 million, or $0.63 per fully diluted Common Share, compared to $48.5 million, or $0.56 per fully diluted Common Share, for the same period in 2017. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, Net income available for Common Stockholders increased $17.5 million, or $0.16 per Common Share, to $162.4 million, or $1.82 per fully diluted Common Share, compared to $144.9 million, or $1.66 per fully diluted Common Share, for the same period in 2017.

For the quarter ended September 30, 2018, FFO available for Common Stock and OP Unit holders increased $13.4 million, or $0.13 per Common Share, to $97.7 million, or $1.03 per fully diluted Common Share, compared to $84.3 million, or $0.90 per fully diluted Common Share, for the same period in 2017. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, FFO available for Common Stock and OP Unit holders increased $29.2 million, or $0.26 per Common Share, to $281.5 million, or $2.97 per fully diluted Common Share, compared to $252.3 million, or $2.71 per fully diluted Common Share, for the same period in 2017.

For the quarter ended September 30, 2018, Normalized FFO available for Common Stock and OP Unit holders increased $8.8 million, or $0.08 per Common Share, to $93.9 million, or $0.99 per fully diluted Common Share, compared to $85.1 million, or $0.91 per fully diluted Common Share, for the same period in 2017. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, Normalized FFO available for Common Stock and OP Unit holders increased $22.2 million, or $0.19 per Common Share, to $275.6 million, or $2.91 per fully diluted Common Share, compared to $253.4 million, or $2.72 per fully diluted Common Share, for the same period in 2017.

For the quarter ended September 30, 2018, property operating revenues in our Core Portfolio, excluding deferrals, increased $8.0 million, or 3.5% and property operating expenses in our Core Portfolio, excluding deferrals and property management, increased $1.9 million, or 1.9%, from the quarter ended September 30, 2017, resulting in an increase of $6.1 million, or 4.8%, in our income from property operations, excluding deferrals and property management, from the quarter ended September 30, 2017. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, property operating revenues in our Core Portfolio, excluding deferrals, increased $31.9 million, or 4.9%, and property operating expenses in our Core Portfolio, excluding deferrals and property management, increased $13.8 million, or 5.1%, from the nine months ended September 30, 2017, resulting in an increase of $18.1 million, or 4.8%, in our income from property operations, excluding deferrals and property management, from the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

Management's Discussion and Analysis (continued)

We continue to focus on the quality of occupancy growth by increasing the number of manufactured homeowners in our Core Portfolio. Our Core Portfolio average occupancy consists of occupied home Sites in our MH communities (both homeowners and renters) and was 94.7% for the quarter ended September 30, 2018, consistent with the quarter ended June 30, 2018 and increased by 0.3% from 94.4% for the same period in 2017. As of September 30, 2018, our Core Portfolio occupancy increased 81 Sites with an increase in homeowner occupancy of 144 Sites compared to occupancy as of June 30, 2018. By comparison, as of September 30, 2017, our Core Portfolio occupancy increased 95 Sites with an increase in homeowner occupancy of 267 Sites. Additionally, for both the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2018, we have experienced rental rate increases, which contributed a 4.0% growth to Community base rent compared to the same periods in 2017.

We have experienced growth in revenues in our Core RV Portfolio as a result of our ability to increase both rental rates and occupancy. RV rental income in our Core Portfolio for the quarter ended September 30, 2018 was 5.9% higher than the same period in 2017. Annual, seasonal and transient rental income for the quarter ended September 30, 2018 increased 6.4%, 4.0% and 5.4%, respectively, from the quarter ended September 30, 2017. RV rental income in our Core Portfolio for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was 7.0% higher than the same period in 2017. Annual, seasonal and transient rental income for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 increased 6.7%, 8.6% and 6.6%, respectively, from the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

We continue to build on our successful multi-channel marketing campaigns, incorporating social media and advanced marketing analytics. During the quarter ended September 30, 2018, our total RV rental income through digital channels increased 24% and our sales of online camping passes increased 43% compared to the same period in 2017. We have increased the awareness of our product offerings and year over year we have seen an increase in social media fans and followers to a current base of over 500,000.

We continue to see high demand for our homes and communities. We closed 141 new home sales in the quarter ended September 30, 2018 compared to 173 during the quarter ended September 30, 2017 and 417 new home sales in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to 413 during the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The new home sales during the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2018 were primarily in our Arizona, Florida, Colorado and California communities.

As of September 30, 2018, we had 4,219 occupied rental homes in our MH communities, including 265 homes rented through our ECHO JV. Home rental program net operating income was approximately $7.2 million, net of rental asset depreciation expense of approximately $2.4 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2018, and approximately $7.9 million, net of rental asset depreciation expense of approximately $2.6 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2017. Approximately $8.0 million and $8.7 million of home rental operations revenue was included in community base rental income for the quarters ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, home rental program net operating income was approximately $22.8 million and $24.3 million, respectively, net of rental asset depreciation expense of approximately $7.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and $7.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Approximately $24.5 million and $26.3 million of home rental operations revenue was included in community base rental income for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively.

Our gross investment in real estate increased approximately $250.5 million to $5,166.3 million as of September 30, 2018 from $4,915.8 million as of December 31, 2017, primarily due to new acquisitions, as well as capital expenditures during the nine months ended September 30, 2018.

Management's Discussion and Analysis (continued)

The following chart lists both the Properties acquired or invested in from January 1, 2017 through September 30, 2018, which represents Non-Core Properties, and Sites added through expansion opportunities at our existing Properties.



Property	Location	Type of Property	Transaction Date	Sites

Total Sites as of January 1, 2017				146,610
Acquisitions:
Paradise Park - Largo	Largo, Florida	MH	May 10, 2017	108
Bethpage Camp Resort	Urbanna, Virginia	RV	November 15, 2017	1,034
Grey's Point Camp	Topping, Virginia	RV	November 15, 2017	728
Kingswood	Riverview, Florida	MH	March 8, 2018	229
Serendipity	Clearwater, Florida	MH	March 15, 2018	425
Holiday Travel Park	Holiday, Florida	RV	April 20, 2018	613
Everglades Lakes	Fort Lauderdale, Florida	MH	July 20, 2018	612
Sunseekers RV Resort	North Fort Myers, Florida	RV	September 21, 2018	241
Joint Venture:
Crosswinds	St. Petersburg, Florida	MH	June 15, 2017	376
Loggerhead ^(a)	Multiple, Florida	Marina	August 8, 2017	2,343
Expansion Site Development and other:
Net Sites added (reconfigured) in 2017				124
Net Sites added (reconfigured) in 2018				404
Total Sites as of September 30, 2018				153,847


(a)	Loggerhead sites represent marina slip count.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations include certain Non-GAAP financial measures that in management's view of the business are meaningful as they allow the investor the ability to understand key operating details of our business both with and without regard to certain accounting conventions or items that may not always be indicative of recurring annual cash flow of the portfolio. These Non-GAAP financial measures as determined and presented by us may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies, and include Income from Property Operations and Core Portfolio, FFO, Normalized FFO and Income from Rental Operation, net of depreciation.

We believe investors should review Income from Property Operations and Core Portfolio, FFO, Normalized FFO and Income from Rental Operations, net of depreciation, along with GAAP net income and cash flow from operating activities, investing activities and financing activities, when evaluating an equity REIT's operating performance. A discussion of Income from property operations and Core Portfolio, FFO, Normalized FFO and Income from rental operations, net of depreciation, and a reconciliation to net income, are included below.

Income from Property Operations and Core Portfolio

We use Income from property operations and Income from property operations, excluding deferrals and property management, and Core Portfolio income from property operations, excluding deferrals and property management, as alternative measures to evaluate the operating results of our manufactured home and RV communities. Income from property operations represents rental income, utility and other income and right-to-use income less property and rental home operating and maintenance expenses, real estate tax, sales and marketing expenses and property management expenses. Income from property operations, excluding deferrals and property management, represents income from property operations excluding property management expenses and the impact of the GAAP deferral of right-to-use contract upfront payments and related commissions, net. Our Core Portfolio consists of our Properties owned and operated since December 31, 2016. Core Portfolio income from property operations, excluding deferrals and property management, is useful to investors for annual comparison as it removes the fluctuations associated with acquisitions, dispositions and significant transactions or unique situations. Our Non-Core Portfolio (or Acquisitions) includes all Properties that were not owned and operated during all of 2017 and 2018. This includes, but is not limited to, five properties acquired during 2018, three properties acquired during 2017 and Fiesta Key and Sunshine Key RV Resorts.

Funds from Operations ("FFO") and Normalized Funds from Operations ("Normalized FFO")

We define FFO as net income, computed in accordance with GAAP, excluding gains and actual or estimated losses from sales of properties, plus real estate related depreciation and amortization, impairments, if any, and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures. Adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures are calculated to reflect FFO on the same basis. We compute FFO in accordance with our interpretation of standards established by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”), which may not be comparable to FFO reported by other REITs that

Management's Discussion and Analysis (continued)

do not define the term in accordance with the current NAREIT definition or that interpret the current NAREIT definition differently than we do. We receive upfront non-refundable payments from the entry of right-to-use contracts. In accordance with GAAP, the upfront non-refundable payments and related commissions are deferred and amortized over the estimated customer life. Although the NAREIT definition of FFO does not address the treatment of non-refundable right-to-use payments, we believe that it is appropriate to adjust for the impact of the deferral activity in our calculation of FFO.

We define Normalized FFO as FFO excluding the following non-operating income and expense items: a) gains and losses from early debt extinguishment, including prepayment penalties and defeasance costs; b) acquisition and other transaction costs related to business combinations; and c) other miscellaneous non-comparable items. Normalized FFO presented herein is not necessarily comparable to Normalized FFO presented by other real estate companies due to the fact that not all real estate companies use the same methodology for computing this amount.

We believe that FFO and Normalized FFO are helpful to investors as supplemental measures of the performance of an equity REIT. We believe that by excluding the effect of depreciation, amortization, impairments, if any, and actual or estimated gains or losses from sales of real estate, all of which are based on historical costs and which may be of limited relevance in evaluating current performance, FFO can facilitate comparisons of operating performance between periods and among other equity REITs. We further believe that Normalized FFO provides useful information to investors, analysts and our management because it allows them to compare our operating performance to the operating performance of other real estate companies and between periods on a consistent basis without having to account for differences not related to our operations. For example, we believe that excluding the early extinguishment of debt, property acquisition and other transaction costs related to business combinations from Normalized FFO allows investors, analysts and our management to assess the sustainability of operating performance in future periods because these costs do not affect the future operations of the properties. In some cases, we provide information about identified non-cash components of FFO and Normalized FFO because it allows investors, analysts and our management to assess the impact of those items.

Income from Rental Operations, Net of Depreciation

We use Income from rental operations, net of depreciation as an alternative measure to evaluate the operating results of our home rental program. Income from rental operations, net of depreciation, represents income from rental operations less depreciation expense on rental homes. We believe this measure is meaningful for investors as it provides a more complete picture of the home rental program operating results including the impact of depreciation which affects our home rental program investment decisions.

Our definitions and calculations of these Non-GAAP financial and operating measures and other terms may differ from the definitions and methodologies used by other REITs and, accordingly, may not be comparable. These Non-GAAP financial and operating measures do not represent cash generated from operating activities in accordance with GAAP, nor do they represent cash available to pay distributions and should not be considered as an alternative to net income, determined in accordance with GAAP, as an indication of our financial performance, or to cash flow from operating activities, determined in accordance with GAAP, as a measure of our liquidity, nor is it indicative of funds available to fund our cash needs, including our ability to make cash distributions.

The following table reconciles Net income available for Common Stockholders to Income from property operations:



	Quarters Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
(amounts in thousands)	2018			2017			2018			2017
Computation of Income from Property Operations:
Net income available for Common Stockholders	$	56,070		$	48,525		$	162,429		$	144,911
Redeemable perpetual preferred stock dividends and original issuance costs	—			3,054			8			7,667
Income allocated to non-controlling interests - Common OP Units	3,590			3,286			10,569			9,825
Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures	(788		)	(686		)	(3,596		)	(2,876		)
Income before equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures	58,872			54,179			169,410			159,527
Total (other income) /expenses, net	63,405			59,461			192,364			182,398
(Income)/Loss from home sales operations and other	142			(171		)	964			(268		)
Income from property operations	$	122,419		$	113,469		$	362,738		$	341,657

Management's Discussion and Analysis (continued)

The following table presents a calculation of FFO available for Common Stock and OP Unit holders and Normalized FFO available for Common Stock and OP Unit holders:



	Quarters Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
(amounts in thousands)	2018			2017			2018			2017
Computation of FFO and Normalized FFO:
Net income available for Common Stockholders	$	56,070		$	48,525		$	162,429		$	144,911
Income allocated to non-controlling interests - Common OP units	3,590			3,286			10,569			9,825
Right-to-use contract upfront payments, deferred, net ⁽¹⁾	2,883			1,670			6,189			3,766
Right-to-use contract commissions, deferred, net	(458		)	(176		)	(744		)	(372		)
Depreciation on real estate assets	30,424			27,879			89,307			82,939
Depreciation on rental homes	2,432			2,614			7,323			7,910
Amortization of in-place leases	2,124			138			5,069			2,128
Depreciation on unconsolidated joint ventures	651			360			1,390			1,171
FFO available for Common Stock and OP Unit holders	97,716			84,296			281,532			252,278
Transaction costs ⁽²⁾	—			—			—			324
Preferred stock original issuance costs	—			757			—			757
Insurance proceeds due to catastrophic weather event ⁽³⁾	(3,833		)	—			(5,925		)	—
Normalized FFO available for Common Stock and OP Unit holders	$	93,883		$	85,053		$	275,607		$	253,359
Weighted average Common Shares outstanding – fully diluted	95,263			93,324			94,827			93,135

______________________

⁽¹⁾The Company adopted ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and all related amendments, effective January 1, 2018. Upon adoption, right-to-use upfront nonrefundable payments are recognized on a straight-line basis over 20 years to reflect our current estimated customer life for the majority of our upgrade contracts. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2018 are presented under ASU 2014-09, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the previous accounting standards.

⁽²⁾The Company adopted ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations, effective January 1, 2018. Upon adoption, transaction costs related to asset acquisitions are capitalized. All acquisitions completed subsequent to January 1, 2018 were determined by the Company to be asset acquisitions and, as such, the related transaction costs were capitalized. Transaction costs related to 2017 acquisitions, occurring prior to the adoption of this guidance, are included in General and administrative on the Consolidated Income Statement.

⁽³⁾ Represents insurance recovery revenue from reimbursement for capital expenditures related to Hurricane Irma.

Management's Discussion and Analysis (continued)

Results of Operations

Comparison of the Quarter Ended September 30, 2018 to the Quarter Ended September 30, 2017

Income from Property Operations

The following table summarizes certain financial and statistical data for the Core Portfolio and the total portfolio for the quarters ended September 30, 2018 and 2017. The Core Portfolio in this discussion includes all Properties acquired on or before December 31, 2016 and which we have owned and operated continuously since January 1, 2017. Core Portfolio growth percentages exclude the impact of GAAP deferrals of upfront payments from right-to-use contracts and related commissions.



	Core Portfolio									Total Portfolio
(amounts in thousands)	2018		2017		Variance			% Change		2018		2017		Variance			% Change
Community base rental income	$	128,420	$	122,975	$	5,445		4.4	%	$	130,746	$	123,177	$	7,569		6.1	%
Rental home income	3,507		3,592		(85		)	(2.4	)%	3,507		3,592		(85		)	(2.4	)%
Resort base rental income	59,941		56,628		3,313			5.9	%	64,351		58,471		5,880			10.1	%
Right-to-use annual payments	12,205		11,507		698			6.1	%	12,206		11,531		675			5.9	%
Right-to-use contracts current period, gross	4,863		4,208		655			15.6	%	4,863		4,208		655			15.6	%
Utility and other income	24,045		26,109		(2,064		)	(7.9	)%	25,917		26,295		(378		)	(1.4	)%
Property operating revenues, excluding deferrals	232,981		225,019		7,962			3.5	%	241,590		227,274		14,316			6.3	%

Property operating and maintenance	80,891		78,875		2,016			2.6	%	84,445		80,164		4,281			5.3	%
Rental home operating and maintenance	1,904		1,705		199			11.7	%	1,904		1,704		200			11.7	%
Real estate taxes	13,308		13,921		(613		)	(4.4	)%	13,240		14,006		(766		)	(5.5	)%
Sales and marketing, gross	3,567		3,277		290			8.8	%	3,568		3,277		291			8.9	%
Property operating expenses, excluding deferrals and Property management	99,670		97,778		1,892			1.9	%	103,157		99,151		4,006			4.0	%
Income from property operations, excluding deferrals and Property management ⁽¹⁾	133,311		127,241		6,070			4.8	%	138,433		128,123		10,310			8.0	%
Property management	13,587		13,160		427			3.2	%	13,589		13,160		429			3.3	%
Income from property operations, excluding deferrals⁽¹⁾	119,724		114,081		5,643			4.9	%	124,844		114,963		9,881			8.6	%
Right-to-use contracts, deferred and sales and marketing, deferred, net	2,425		1,494		931			62.3	%	2,425		1,494		931			62.3	%
Income from property operations ⁽¹⁾	$	117,299	$	112,587	$	4,712		4.2	%	$	122,419	$	113,469	$	8,950		7.9	%

__________________________

⁽¹⁾ Non-GAAP measure, see the Results Overview section of the Management Discussion and Analysis for Non-GAAP Financial Measure Definitions and reconciliations of these Non-GAAP measures to Net Income available to Common Shareholders.

Total Portfolio income from property operations, which includes Core and Non-Core Portfolios, for the quarter ended September 30, 2018 increased $9.0 million, or 7.9%, from the quarter ended September 30, 2017, primarily driven by an increase of $4.7 million, or 4.2%, in our Core Portfolio income from property operations and an increase of $4.2 million, in our Non-Core Portfolio income from property operations. The increase in Core Portfolio income from property operations for the quarter ended September 30, 2018 is primarily due to an increase in Community base rental income and Resort base rental income, partially offset by a decrease in Utility and other income and an increase in Property operating expenses, excluding deferrals and property management. The increase in Non-Core Portfolio income from property operations is primarily due to contribution from our Everglades acquisition that closed during the quarter ended September 30, 2018 and $1.2 million of insurance proceeds received during the quarter ended September 30, 2018, which we have identified as business interruption recovery at our RV properties in the Florida Keys.

Property Operating Revenues

Community base rental income in our Core Portfolio for the quarter ended September 30, 2018 increased $5.4 million, or 4.4%, from the quarter ended September 30, 2017, which reflects 4.0% growth from rate increases and 0.4% growth from occupancy gains. The average monthly base rental income per Site increased to approximately $637 for the quarter ended September 30, 2018 from approximately $613 for the same period in 2017. The average occupancy for the Core Portfolio increased to 94.7% for the quarter ended September 30, 2018 from 94.4% for the same period in 2017.

Management's Discussion and Analysis (continued)

Resort base rental income in our Core Portfolio for the quarter ended September 30, 2018 increased $3.3 million, or 5.9%, from the quarter ended September 30, 2017 driven by increases in annual, seasonal and transient revenues as a result of higher rental rates and occupancy. Resort base rental income for the quarters ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 is comprised of the following:



	Core Portfolio								Total Portfolio
(amounts in thousands)	2018		2017		Variance		% Change		2018		2017		Variance			% Change
Annual	$	35,407	$	33,291	$	2,116	6.4	%	$	37,424	$	33,647	$	3,777		11.2	%
Seasonal	4,477		4,304		173		4.0	%	4,838		4,952		(114		)	(2.3	)%
Transient	20,057		19,033		1,024		5.4	%	22,089		19,872		2,217			11.2	%
Resort base rental income	$	59,941	$	56,628	$	3,313	5.9	%	$	64,351	$	58,471	$	5,880		10.1	%

Utility and other income in our Core Portfolio for the quarter ended September 30, 2018 decreased by $2.1 million, or 7.9%, from the quarter ended September 30, 2017 due to insurance recovery revenue related to Hurricane Irma of $3.1 million recorded in the Core portfolio during the third quarter of 2017 to offset expenses incurred. This decrease was partially offset by an insurance recovery revenue accrual of $0.4 million related to Hurricane Florence recorded during the third quarter of 2018 to offset expenses incurred and an increase in utility income of $0.5 million, primarily due to higher electric and water usage and rates.

Property Operating Expenses

Property operating expenses, excluding deferrals and property management, in our Core Portfolio for the quarter ended September 30, 2018 increased $1.9 million, or 1.9%, from the quarter ended September 30, 2017, mainly due to an increase in property payroll as a result of 2018 salary increases, higher utility expense from increased electric, trash and sewer expenses and higher insurance expense as a result of increased insurance premiums from our 2018 policy renewal. These increases were partially offset by a $2.0 million decrease in repair and maintenance expenses. We recorded clean up costs of $0.5 million related to Hurricane Florence during the third quarter of 2018 and $3.1 million related to Hurricane Irma during the third quarter of 2017.

Home Sales and Rental Operations

Home Sales and Other

The following table summarizes certain financial and statistical data for Home Sales.



	Quarters Ended September 30,
(amounts in thousands, except home sales volumes)	2018			2017			Variance			% Change
Gross revenues from new home sales ⁽¹⁾	$	7,048		$	7,233		$	(185	)	(2.6	)%
Cost of new home sales ⁽¹⁾	(6,946		)	(7,276		)	330			4.5	%
Gross profit (loss) from new home sales	102			(43		)	145			337.2	%

Gross revenues from used home sales	2,291			2,779			(488		)	(17.6	)%
Cost of used home sales	(2,796		)	(3,101		)	305			9.8	%
Loss from used home sales	(505		)	(322		)	(183		)	(56.8	)%

Brokered resale and ancillary services revenues, net	1,362			1,983			(621		)	(31.3	)%
Home selling expenses	(1,101		)	(1,447		)	346			23.9	%
Income (loss) from home sales and other	$	(142	)	$	171		$	(313	)	(183.0	)%

Home sales volumes
Total new home sales ⁽²⁾	141			173			(32		)	(18.5	)%
New Home Sales Volume - ECHO JV	31			48			(17		)	(35.4	)%
Used home sales	304			331			(27		)	(8.2	)%
Brokered home resales	231			239			(8		)	(3.3	)%

_________________________

⁽¹⁾ New home sales gross revenues and costs of new home sales does not include the revenues and costs associated with our ECHO JV.

⁽²⁾ Total new home sales volume includes home sales from our ECHO JV.

Loss from home sales and other was $0.1 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2018 compared to income of $0.2 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2017. The loss from home sales and other was primarily due to lower ancillary services revenues partially offset by lower home selling expenses.

Management's Discussion and Analysis (continued)

Rental Operations

The following table summarizes certain financial and statistical data for manufactured home Rental Operations.



	Quarters Ended September 30,
(amounts in thousands, except rental unit volumes)	2018			2017			Variance			% Change
Manufactured homes:
Rental operations revenue ⁽¹⁾	$	11,539		$	12,257		$	(718	)	(5.9	)%
Rental home operating and maintenance	(1,904		)	(1,704		)	(200		)	(11.7	)%
Income from rental operations	9,635			10,553			(918		)	(8.7	)%
Depreciation on rental homes ⁽²⁾	(2,432		)	(2,614		)	182			7.0	%
Income from rental operations, net of depreciation	$	7,203		$	7,939		$	(736	)	(9.3	)%

Gross investment in new manufactured home rental units ⁽³⁾	$	151,917		$	131,389		$	20,528		15.6	%
Gross investment in used manufactured home rental units	$	36,588		$	44,624		$	(8,036	)	(18.0	)%

Net investment in new manufactured home rental units	$	122,947		$	105,424		$	17,523		16.6	%
Net investment in used manufactured home rental units	$	17,810		$	24,833		$	(7,023	)	(28.3	)%

Number of occupied rentals – new, end of period ⁽⁴⁾	2,704			2,492			212			8.5	%
Number of occupied rentals – used, end of period	1,515			2,010			(495		)	(24.6	)%

______________________

⁽¹⁾

Rental operations revenue consists of Site rental income and home rental income. Approximately $8.0 million and $8.7 million for the quarters ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, of Site rental income are included in Community base rental income in the Income from Property Operations table. The remainder of home rental income is included in Rental home income in the Income from Property Operations table.


⁽²⁾	Included in Depreciation on real estate and rental homes in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.


⁽³⁾	Includes both occupied and unoccupied rental homes. New home cost basis does not include the costs associated with our ECHO JV. Our investment in the ECHO JV was $16.1 million and $15.5 million as of September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.


⁽⁴⁾	Occupied rentals as of the end of the period in our Core Portfolio and includes 265 and 254 homes rented through our ECHO JV during the quarters ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

The decrease in income from rental operations, net of depreciation, was primarily due to a decrease in the number of used occupied rental units. This was partially offset by an increase in the number of new occupied rentals.

Other Income and Expenses

The following table summarizes other income and expenses, net.



	Quarters Ended September 30,
(amounts in thousands, expenses shown as negative)	2018			2017			Variance			% Change
Depreciation on real estate and rental homes	$	(32,856	)	$	(30,493	)	$	(2,363	)	(7.7	)%
Amortization of in-place leases	(2,124		)	(138		)	(1,986		)	(1,439.1	)%
Interest income	1,846			1,974			(128		)	(6.5	)%
Income from other investments, net	5,421			2,052			3,369			164.2	%
General and administrative	(8,816		)	(7,505		)	(1,311		)	(17.5	)%
Other expenses	(386		)	(324		)	(62		)	(19.1	)%
Interest and related amortization	(26,490		)	(25,027		)	(1,463		)	(5.8	)%
Total other income and expenses, net	$	(63,405	)	$	(59,461	)	$	(3,944	)	(6.6	)%

Other expenses, net increased $3.9 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2018, compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2017. The increase was primarily due to increases in depreciation on real estate and rental homes, amortization of in-place leases, interest and related amortization and general and administrative costs. These increases were partially offset by $3.8 million insurance recovery revenue from reimbursement for capital expenditures related to Hurricane Irma during the quarter ended September 30, 2018.

Management's Discussion and Analysis (continued)

Comparison of the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017

Income from Property Operations

The following table summarizes certain financial and statistical data for the Core Portfolio and the total portfolio for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017. The Core Portfolio in this discussion includes all Properties acquired on or before December 31, 2016 and which we have owned and operated continuously since January 1, 2017. Core Portfolio growth percentages exclude the impact of GAAP deferrals of upfront payments from right-to-use contracts and related commissions.



	Core Portfolio									Total Portfolio
(amounts in thousands)	2018		2017		Variance			% Change		2018		2017		Variance			% Change
Community base rental income	$	382,152	$	365,515	$	16,637		4.6	%	$	386,064	$	365,833	$	20,231		5.5	%
Rental home income	10,583		10,829		(246		)	(2.3	)%	10,583		10,829		(246		)	(2.3	)%
Resort base rental income	173,811		162,475		11,336			7.0	%	183,836		169,594		14,242			8.4	%
Right-to-use annual payments	35,612		34,109		1,503			4.4	%	35,616		34,133		1,483			4.3	%
Right-to-use contracts current period, gross	11,969		11,212		757			6.8	%	11,969		11,212		757			6.8	%
Utility and other income	70,429		68,549		1,880			2.7	%	75,758		69,071		6,687			9.7	%
Property operating revenues, excluding deferrals	684,556		652,689		31,867			4.9	%	703,826		660,672		43,154			6.5	%

Property operating and maintenance	231,506		217,221		14,285			6.6	%	239,444		221,119		18,325			8.3	%
Rental home operating and maintenance	4,958		4,913		45			0.9	%	4,957		4,912		45			0.9	%
Real estate taxes	40,374		41,751		(1,377		)	(3.3	)%	40,815		41,986		(1,171		)	(2.8	)%
Sales and marketing, gross	9,684		8,861		823			9.3	%	9,685		8,861		824			9.3	%
Property operating expenses, excluding deferrals and Property management	286,522		272,746		13,776			5.1	%	294,901		276,878		18,023			6.5	%
Income from property operations, excluding deferrals and Property management ⁽¹⁾	398,034		379,943		18,091			4.8	%	408,925		383,794		25,131			6.5	%
Property management	40,740		38,743		1,997			5.2	%	40,742		38,743		1,999			5.2	%
Income from property operations, excluding deferrals⁽¹⁾	357,294		341,200		16,094			4.7	%	368,183		345,051		23,132			6.7	%
Right-to-use contracts, deferred and sales and marketing, deferred, net	5,445		3,394		2,051			60.4	%	5,445		3,394		2,051			60.4	%
Income from property operations ⁽¹⁾	$	351,849	$	337,806	$	14,043		4.2	%	$	362,738	$	341,657	$	21,081		6.2	%

__________________________

Total Portfolio income from property operations, which includes Core and Non-Core portfolios, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 increased $21.1 million, or 6.2%, from the nine months ended September 30, 2017, primarily as a result of an increase of $14.0 million, or 4.2%, in our Core Portfolio income from property operations and an increase of $7.0 million, in our Non-Core Portfolio income from property operations from the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The increase in Core Portfolio income from property operations is primarily due to an increase in Community base rental income and Resort base rental income, partially offset by an increase in Property operating expenses, excluding deferrals and property management. The increase in Non-Core Portfolio income from property operations from the nine months ended September 30, 2017 is primarily driven by the performance of newly acquired properties and $3.7 million of insurance proceeds received during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, which we have identified as business interruption recovery at our RV properties in the Florida Keys.

Property Operating Revenues

Community base rental income in our Core Portfolio for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 increased $16.6 million, or 4.6% from the quarter ended September 30, 2017, which reflects 4.0% growth from rate increases and approximately 0.6% growth from occupancy gains. The average monthly base rental income per Site increased to approximately $633 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 from approximately $608 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The average occupancy for the Core Portfolio increased to 94.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 from 94.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

Management's Discussion and Analysis (continued)

Resort base rental income in our Core Portfolio for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 increased $11.3 million, or 7.0%, from the nine months ended September 30, 2017 driven by increases in annual, seasonal and transient revenues. Resort base rental income for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 is comprised of the following:



	Core Portfolio								Total Portfolio
(amounts in thousands)	2018		2017		Variance		% Change		2018		2017		Variance		% Change
Annual	$	104,120	$	97,588	$	6,532	6.7	%	$	109,175	$	98,612	$	10,563	10.7	%
Seasonal	28,075		25,844		2,231		8.6	%	29,067		28,353		714		2.5	%
Transient	41,616		39,043		2,573		6.6	%	45,594		42,629		2,965		7.0	%
Resort base rental income	$	173,811	$	162,475	$	11,336	7.0	%	$	183,836	$	169,594	$	14,242	8.4	%

Utility and other income in our Core Portfolio increased by $1.9 million primarily driven by an increase in utility income as a result of higher electric and water income. This increase is offset by increased utility expense discussed below.

Property Operating Expenses

Property operating expenses, excluding deferrals and property management, in our Core Portfolio for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 increased $13.8 million, or 5.1%, from the nine months ended September 30, 2017, primarily driven by an increase in property operating and maintenance expenses of $14.3 million. The increase in property operating and maintenance expenses was primarily driven by an increase in utility expense from increased electric, trash and sewer expenses, higher property payroll as a result of 2018 salary increases, higher insurance expense as a result of increased insurance premiums from our 2018 policy renewal and an increase in landscaping, tree trimming and contract repairs expenses. These increases were partially offset by higher clean up costs in 2017 related to storm events, most notably Hurricane Irma.

Home Sales and Rental Operations

Home Sales and Other

The following table summarizes certain financial and statistical data for Home Sales.



	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(amounts in thousands, except home sales volumes)	2018			2017			Variance			% Change
Gross revenues from new home sales ⁽¹⁾	$	20,643		$	16,724		$	3,919		23.4	%
Cost of new home sales ⁽¹⁾	(20,256		)	(16,467		)	(3,789		)	(23.0	)%
Gross profit from new home sales	387			257			130			50.6	%

Gross revenues from used home sales	6,110			8,148			(2,038		)	(25.0	)%
Cost of used home sales	(7,692		)	(8,924		)	1,232			13.8	%
Loss from used home sales	(1,582		)	(776		)	(806		)	(103.9	)%

Brokered resale and ancillary services revenues, net	3,380			4,088			(708		)	(17.3	)%
Home selling expenses	(3,149		)	(3,301		)	152			4.6	%
Income (loss) from home sales and other	$	(964	)	$	268		$	(1,232	)	(459.7	)%

Home sales volumes
Total new home sales ⁽²⁾	417			413			4			1.0	%
New Home Sales Volume - ECHO JV	74			126			(52		)	(41.3	)%
Used home sales	842			954			(112		)	(11.7	)%
Brokered home resales	677			659			18			2.7	%

_________________________

⁽¹⁾ New home sales gross revenues and costs of new home sales does not include the revenues and costs associated with our ECHO JV.

⁽²⁾ Total new home sales volume includes home sales from our ECHO JV.

Loss from home sales and other was $1.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared with income from homes sales and other of $0.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The loss from home sales and other was primarily due to an increase in the loss from used home sales and a decrease in ancillary services revenues.

Management's Discussion and Analysis (continued)

Rental Operations

The following table summarizes certain financial and statistical data for manufactured home Rental Operations.



	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(amounts in thousands, except rental unit volumes)	2018			2017			Variance			% Change
Manufactured homes:
Rental operations revenue ⁽¹⁾	$	35,107		$	37,143		$	(2,036	)	(5.5	)%
Rental home operating and maintenance	(4,957		)	(4,912		)	(45		)	(0.9	)%
Income from rental operations	30,150			32,231			(2,081		)	(6.5	)%
Depreciation on rental homes ⁽²⁾	(7,323		)	(7,910		)	587			7.4	%
Income from rental operations, net of depreciation	$	22,827		$	24,321		$	(1,494	)	(6.1	)%

Gross investment in new manufactured home rental units ⁽³⁾	$	151,917		$	131,389		$	20,528		15.6	%
Gross investment in used manufactured home rental units	$	36,588		$	44,624		$	(8,036	)	(18.0	)%

Net investment in new manufactured home rental units	$	122,947		$	105,424		$	17,523		16.6	%
Net investment in used manufactured home rental units	$	17,810		$	24,833		$	(7,023	)	(28.3	)%

Number of occupied rentals – new, end of period ⁽⁴⁾	2,704			2,492			212			8.5	%
Number of occupied rentals – used, end of period	1,515			2,010			(495		)	(24.6	)%

______________________

⁽¹⁾

Rental operations revenue consists of Site rental income and home rental income. Approximately $24.5 million and $26.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, of Site rental income are included in Community base rental income in the Income from Property Operations table. The remainder of home rental income is included in Rental home income in the Income from Property Operations table.


⁽²⁾	Included in Depreciation on real estate and rental homes in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.


⁽³⁾	New home cost basis does not include the costs associated with our ECHO JV. Our investment in the ECHO JV was $16.1 million and $15.5 million as of September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.


⁽⁴⁾	Occupied rentals as of the end of the period in our Core Portfolio and includes 265 and 254 homes rented through our ECHO JV during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Other Income and Expenses

The following table summarizes other income and expenses, net.



	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(amounts in thousands, expenses shown as negative)	2018			2017			Variance			% Change
Depreciation on real estate and rental homes	$	(96,630	)	$	(90,849	)	$	(5,781	)	(6.4	)%
Amortization of in-place leases	(5,069		)	(2,128		)	(2,941		)	(138.2	)%
Interest income	5,658			5,542			116			2.1	%
Income from other investments, net	9,774			3,918			5,856			149.5	%
General and administrative	(26,523		)	(23,015		)	(3,508		)	(15.2	)%
Transaction costs	—			(324		)	324			100.0	%
Other expenses	(1,096		)	(814		)	(282		)	(34.6	)%
Interest and related amortization	(78,478		)	(74,728		)	(3,750		)	(5.0	)%
Total other income and expenses, net	$	(192,364	)	$	(182,398	)	$	(9,966	)	(5.5	)%

Other expenses, net increased $10.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The increase was primarily due to increases in depreciation on real estate and rental homes, interest and related amortization, general and administrative expenses and amortization of in-place leases. These increases were partially offset by $5.9 million insurance recovery revenue from reimbursement for capital expenditures related to Hurricane Irma during the nine months ended September 30, 2018.

Management's Discussion and Analysis (continued)

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity

Our primary demands for liquidity include payment of operating expenses, debt service, including principal and interest, capital improvements on properties, purchasing both new and pre-owned homes, acquisitions of new Properties and distributions. We expect similar demand for liquidity will continue for the short-term and long-term. Our primary sources of cash include operating cash flows, proceeds from financings, borrowings under our unsecured Line of Credit ("LOC") and proceeds from issuance of equity and debt securities.

We have entered into an at-the-market (“ATM”) offering program, pursuant to which we may sell, from time-to-time, shares of our Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, having an aggregate offering price of up to $200.0 million. During the quarter ended September 30, 2018, we sold 861,141 shares of common stock as part of our ATM equity offering program at a weighted average price per share of $91.45, resulting in gross cash proceeds of approximately $78.8 million. As of September 30, 2018, $71.2 million of common stock remained available for issuance under the ATM equity offering program.

In addition, we have available liquidity in the form of approximately 110.3 million shares of authorized but unissued common stock and approximately 10.0 million shares of authorized unissued preferred stock registered for sale under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, by a shelf registration statement which was automatically effective when filed with the SEC. Our charter allows us to issue up to 200.0 million shares of Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, and up to 10.0 million shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share.

One of our stated objectives is to maintain financial flexibility. Achieving this objective allows us to take advantage of strategic opportunities that may arise. We believe effective management of our balance sheet, including maintaining various access points to raise capital, managing future debt maturities and borrowing at competitive rates enables us to meet this objective.

We expect to meet our short-term liquidity requirements, including capital improvements and dividend distributions for the next twelve months, mainly through available cash as well as net cash provided by operating activities and availability under our existing LOC. Our LOC has a borrowing capacity of $400.0 million with the option to increase the borrowing capacity by $200.0 million, subject to certain conditions. The LOC bears interest at a rate of LIBOR plus 1.10% to 1.55%, requires an annual facility fee of 0.15% to 0.35% and matures on October 27, 2021.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we closed on one loan, secured by two RV resorts, for gross proceeds of approximately $64.0 million. The loan carries an interest rate of 4.83% per annum and matures in 2038. In connection with the Serendipity acquisition during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we assumed a loan of approximately $9.2 million and obtained additional financing of $8.8 million for total mortgage debt, secured by the manufactured home community, of $18.0 million. The loans carry an interest rate of 4.75% and mature in 2039.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we borrowed and paid off amounts on our unsecured LOC, leaving a balance of $80.0 million at September 30, 2018. We believe that as of September 30, 2018, we have sufficient liquidity, in the form of $107.2 million in unrestricted cash and $320.0 million available on our LOC, to satisfy our near term obligations. On October 1, 2018, we paid off six mortgage loans of $66.3 million, including $0.1 million of prepayment penalties, using our LOC. The loans, which would have matured in 2019, had a weighted average interest rate of 6.07% per annum and were secured by six MH properties.

We expect to meet certain long-term liquidity requirements such as scheduled debt maturities, property acquisitions and capital improvements by use of our long-term collateralized and uncollateralized borrowings including the existing LOC and the issuance of debt securities or additional equity securities. As of September 30, 2018, we have approximately $3.0 million of scheduled debt maturities in 2018 (excluding scheduled principal payments on debt maturing in 2018 and beyond). We expect to satisfy our 2018 maturities with existing cash and anticipated operating cash flow.

The table below summarizes cash flow activities:



	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(amounts in thousands)	2018			2017
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	321,142		$	303,322
Net cash used in investing activities	(244,469		)	(135,986		)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	4,652			(146,281		)
Net increase in cash and restricted cash	$	81,325		$	21,055

Management's Discussion and Analysis (continued)

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities increased $17.8 million to $321.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, from $303.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The increase in net cash provided by operating activities was primarily due to higher income from property operations of $21.1 million and an increase in rents received in advance and security deposits, partially offset by a decrease in insurance proceeds.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities was $244.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to $136.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The increase in net cash used in investing activities was primarily due to an increase in real estate acquisitions and an increase in capital improvements. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in investment in joint ventures compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

Capital Improvements

The table below summarizes capital improvement activities:



	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(amounts in thousands)	2018		2017
Recurring capital expenditures ⁽¹⁾	$	32,965	$	29,823
Property upgrades and site development⁽²⁾	35,200		20,931
New home investments⁽³⁾⁽⁴⁾	56,182		32,724
Used home investments ⁽⁴⁾	2,663		3,113
Total property	127,010		86,591
Corporate	1,426		1,286
Total capital improvements	$	128,436	$	87,877

______________________

⁽¹⁾Recurring capital expenditures are primarily comprised of common area improvements, furniture, and mechanical improvements.

⁽²⁾Includes $12.3 million of restoration and improvement capital expenditures related to Hurricane Irma for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.

⁽³⁾ Excludes new home investment associated with our ECHO JV.

⁽⁴⁾Net proceeds from new and used home sale activities are reflected within Operating Activities.

Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities was $4.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to net cash used in financing activities of $146.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The change in financing activities was primarily due to redemption of our Series C Preferred Stock, increased proceeds from the sale of Common stock, increased proceeds from the line of credit compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017, partially offset by a decrease in new mortgage debt proceeds, net and increased distributions during the nine months ended September 30, 2018.

Contractual Obligations

Significant ongoing contractual obligations consist primarily of long term borrowings, interest expense, operating leases, LOC maintenance fees and ground leases. For a summary and complete presentation and description of our ongoing commitments and contractual obligations, see the Contractual Obligations section of Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 filed with the SEC on February 28, 2018.

Inflation

Substantially all of the leases at the Properties allow for monthly or annual rent increases. In addition, we have the opportunity to achieve rate increases, where justified by the market, as each lease matures. Such types of leases generally minimize our risks of inflation. In addition, our RV resort Properties are not generally subject to leases and rents are established for these Sites on an annual basis. Our right-to-use contracts generally provide for an annual dues increase, but dues may be frozen under the terms of certain contracts if the customer is over 61 years old.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of September 30, 2018, we have no off-balance sheet arrangements.

Management's Discussion and Analysis (continued)

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Refer to Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 for a discussion of our critical accounting policies, which include impairment, lease accounting, revenue recognition and business combinations. There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates during the quarter ended September 30, 2018, except that we updated our revenue recognition policy related to right-to-use contracts pursuant to the adoption of ASU 2014-09 (see "Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements" within Note 2).

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2018 includes certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. When used, words such as “anticipate,” “expect,” “believe,” “project,” “intend,” “may be” and “will be” and similar words or phrases, or the negative thereof, unless the context requires otherwise, are intended to identify forward-looking statements and may include without limitation, information regarding our expectations, goals or intentions regarding the future, and the expected effect of our acquisitions. These forward-looking statements are subject to numerous assumptions, risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to:


•	our ability to control costs and real estate market conditions, our ability to retain customers, the actual use of Sites by customers and our success in acquiring new customers at our Properties (including those that we may acquire);


•	our ability to maintain historical or increase future rental rates and occupancy with respect to properties currently owned or that we may acquire;


•	our ability to retain and attract customers renewing, upgrading and entering right-to-use contracts;


•	our assumptions about rental and home sales markets;


•	our ability to manage counterparty risk;


•	our ability to renew our insurance policies at existing rates and on consistent terms;


•	in the age-qualified Properties, home sales results could be impacted by the ability of potential home buyers to sell their existing residences as well as by financial, credit and capital markets volatility;


•	results from home sales and occupancy will continue to be impacted by local economic conditions, lack of affordable manufactured home financing and competition from alternative housing options including site-built single-family housing;


•	impact of government intervention to stabilize site-built single-family housing and not manufactured housing;


•	effective integration of recent acquisitions and our estimates regarding the future performance of recent acquisitions;


•	the completion of future transactions in their entirety, if any, and timing and effective integration with respect thereto;


•	unanticipated costs or unforeseen liabilities associated with recent acquisitions;


•	ability to obtain financing or refinance existing debt on favorable terms or at all;


•	the effect of interest rates;


•	the dilutive effects of issuing additional securities;


•	the effect of changes in accounting for Leases set forth under the Codification Topic "Leases";


•	the outcome of pending or future lawsuits or actions brought against us, including those disclosed in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission; and


•	other risks indicated from time to time in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

These forward-looking statements are based on management's present expectations and beliefs about future events. As with any projection or forecast, these statements are inherently susceptible to uncertainty and changes in circumstances. We are under no obligation to, and expressly disclaim any obligation to, update or alter our forward-looking statements whether as a result of such changes, new information, subsequent events or otherwise.


Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We disclosed a quantitative and qualitative analysis regarding market risk in Part II, Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. There have been no material changes in the assumptions used or results obtained regarding market risk since December 31, 2017.


Item 4.	Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial and accounting officer), has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2018. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to give reasonable assurances to the timely collection, evaluation and disclosure of information relating to us that would potentially be subject to disclosure under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder as of September 30, 2018. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

During the quarter ended September 30, 2018, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Part II – Other Information


Item 1.	Legal Proceedings

See Note 9 of the Consolidated Financial Statements contained herein.


Item 1A.	Risk Factors

There have been no material changes to the risk factors discussed in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 and in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2018.


Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.


Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.


Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures

None.


Item 5.	Other Information

None.


Item 6.	Exhibits



31.1	Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2	Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1	Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
32.2	Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
101	The following materials from Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2018 formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow and (v) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, filed herewith.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



	EQUITY LIFESTYLE PROPERTIES, INC.

Date: October 25, 2018	By:	/s/ Marguerite Nader
		Marguerite Nader
		President and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: October 25, 2018	By:	/s/ Paul Seavey
		Paul Seavey
		Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Exhibit

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF

THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Paul Seavey, certify that:


1.	I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.;


2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;


3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;


4.	The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:


a)	Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;


b)	Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;


c)	Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and


d)	Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and


5.	The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):


a)	All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and


b)	Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.



Date: October 25, 2018	By:	/s/ Paul Seavey
	Paul Seavey
	Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

Exhibit

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF

THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Marguerite Nader, certify that:


1.	I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.;


2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;


3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;


4.	The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:


a)	Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;


b)	Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;


c)	Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and


d)	Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and


5.	The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):


a)	All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and


b)	Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.



Date: October 25, 2018	By:	/s/ Marguerite Nader
	Marguerite Nader
	President and Chief Executive Officer

Exhibit

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

In connection with the accompanying Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc. for the three months ended September 30, 2018 (the “Form 10-Q”), I, Paul Seavey, Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc., hereby certify pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge:


1.	the Form 10-Q fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and


2.	the information contained in the Form 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.



Date: October 25, 2018	By:	/s/ Paul Seavey
	Paul Seavey
	Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc. and will be retained by Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc. and furnished to the

Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

Exhibit

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

In connection with the accompanying Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc. for the three months ended September 30, 2018 (the “Form 10-Q”), I, Marguerite Nader, President and Chief Executive Officer of Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc., hereby certify pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge:


1.	the Form 10-Q fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and


2.	the information contained in the Form 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc.



Date: October 25, 2018	By:	/s/ Marguerite Nader
	Marguerite Nader
	President and Chief Executive Officer

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to

Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc. and will be retained by Equity LifeStyle Properties, Inc. and furnished to the

Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.